What is type 3 diabetes, and how does it affect you?
Type 3 diabetes develops as neurons in the brain lose their ability to respond to insulin, which helps with processes such as memory and learning. According to specialists, insulin insufficiency is a crucial factor in the impairment in Alzheimer's disease. The phrase "type 3 diabetes" was used to describe the theory that Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent form of dementia. Insulin resistance and insulin-like growth factor dysfunction in the brain are the primary causes of type 3 diabetes. Diabetes mellitus, or DM, refers to a health condition where your body has difficulty converting sugar to energy. The relationship between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fresh and ongoing controversy since the aetiology of AD is still unknown.
Typically, we are aware of three kinds of diabetes:
- Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a long-term health disease in which your pancreas' endocrine system fails to generate enough insulin, causing your blood sugar (glucose) levels to rise too high.
- Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a long-term disorder in which your body develops insulin resistance, and your blood sugar levels rise too high.
- Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a form of DM that develops during pregnancy when blood sugar levels are abnormally high.
Some people have used this term to describe people who have type 2 diabetes and have also been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease or dementia. The categorization of type 3 diabetes is contentious and not generally accepted as a clinical diagnosis by the medical profession. Type 3 diabetes should not be confused with type 3c diabetes mellitus, a medical illness (also called T3cDM, pancreatogenic diabetes, and type 3c diabetes). Both endocrine and exocrine glands are found in the pancreas, each having its unique function. Insulin is a hormone synthesized and released by beta-islet cells in the islets of Langerhans endocrine pancreatic tissue.
The link between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease
There is some evidence that insulin resistance in the brain causes Alzheimer's. Often, many diabetologists treat Alzheimer's disease as "diabetes in the brain." This statement is technically sound, and it can simplify. The blood vessels in your brain may be damaged over time by diabetes if left untreated. Many people with type 2 diabetes do not know that they have the condition, which may delay diagnosis and appropriate treatment measures. Diabetes causes chemical imbalances in your brain, and it triggers Alzheimer's.
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| The link between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease |
- High blood sugar levels lead to inflammation, which may damage brain cells.
- Several doctors established a strong link between vascular dementia and diabetes.
- Vascular dementia is a stand-alone diagnosis with symptoms of its own, or it can be a warning sign of what will develop into an overlap with Alzheimer's disease.
- It has become evident that there are cases of Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia without a proven link to insulin resistance.
As a result, people with type 2 diabetes, particularly untreated diabetes, are more likely to suffer from this sort of damage.
The exact link between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes is unknown. On the other hand, poor blood sugar control may raise the risk of Alzheimer's disease. This linkage is so strong that some prominent diabetologists have nicknamed Alzheimer's disease "brain diabetes" or "type 3 diabetes (T3D)." Experts research a variant of type 3 diabetes mellitus (T3DM).
Scientists have attempted to describe it as a metabolic syndrome that can result in problems such as progressive brain insulin resistance, impaired central insulin signalling mechanisms, accumulation of neurotoxins, neuronal stress, and neurodegeneration. The importance of energy homeostasis in diabetes is crucial to understanding the link between diabetes and these other conditions. Energy homeostasis involves a well-regulated process that coordinates eating behaviour and energy expenditure.
What are the symptoms, and how do specialists evaluate type 3 diabetes?
Because "type 3 diabetes" is not an established categorization, doctors do not use it as a diagnostic word. Physical and mental testing, neurological exams, and experts using brain imaging to identify Alzheimer's disease
Early indications and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, according to the Alzheimer's Association, include:
- Memory loss has a detrimental influence on day-to-day living
- having difficulty addressing problems or developing plans.
- Having difficulty performing routine tasks
- You're having trouble figuring out where you are or what time it is.
- It has trouble understanding and using written and spoken words.
- Misplacing items
- Reduced decision-making
- Withdrawal from social or work activities
- Mood swings and personality shifts
It's vital to remember that some changes in memory and habits are usual as people become seniors.
What factors contribute to type 3 diabetes?
- Therefore, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a kind of diabetes that causes the brain to deteriorate. The terminology "type 3 diabetes" accurately characterizes the condition.
- Alzheimer's disease is a neuroendocrine disorder characterized by decreased insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signalling.
- Inflammation and oxidative stress are other possible symptoms.
- Scientists believe obesity and type 2 diabetes may contribute to Alzheimer's disease development, but they are insufficient causes.
- However, a new study reveals that insulin-degrading enzymes may disrupt metabolic pathways, causing type 2 diabetes to progress to type 3. This mechanism can lead to oxidative damage and other problems.
What are the possible risk factors for type 3 diabetes?
You will find a list of feasible risk factors for developing type 3 diabetes below.
These are some of them:
- A diet heavy in calories, sugar, and fat but deficient in fibre results in low socioeconomic status.
- Chronic stress
- Race and ethnicity
- A lack of physical activity
- genetics
- Birthweight History in the Family
According to the same study, high BP, lipid profile, and fat transportation obstacles contribute to Alzheimer's (AD) disorder. Furthermore, having the APOE4 gene increases the likelihood of acquiring the condition.
What is the best possible treatment for type 3 diabetes?
Type 3 diabetes (Alzheimer's disease) has no cure, although doctors can give medications to delay the course of the disorder or treat its symptoms. Treatment with an anti-amyloid antibody may reduce cognitive and functional deterioration in people with Alzheimer's disease in its early stages.
How to prevent type 3 diabetes?
According to the National Institute on ageing, there is promising evidence that the following may help prevent or postpone type 3 diabetes (Alzheimer's disease) and cognitive decline:
- Raising your level of physical activity
- Blood pressure control
- Performing cognitive exercise
There is also no conclusive evidence that dietary therapy can prevent Alzheimer's disease. Type 3 diabetes (Alzheimer's disease) is incurable. Many therapy methods may reduce symptoms and prolong a person's life.